Custom Model Evals — Text-to-SQL Cheat Sheet

Quick-reference · Cricket Q&A case study · candidate filtering · golden data · execution accuracy

1-PAGE REFERENCE

1Core question

Custom model eval: a repeatable test that measures which model performs best on your actual application task.

Public benchmarks shortlist candidates; custom evaluation selects the deployable model.

2Model eval vs app eval

Model evalTests a model task component, such as Text-to-SQL.
App evalTests the complete product workflow and user experience.

3Case study

A cricket fan asks: “Who scored the most runs against Bumrah?” The system converts English into SQL, runs it on the cricket database, and returns the answer.

Goal: replace a manual analyst lookup process with a scalable feature.

4Text-to-SQL pipeline

User question→LLM + schema→SQL→Database→Answer

5What the LLM needs

  • User question in natural language
  • Database schema: tables, fields, relationships
  • Clear prompting rules and constraints
  • Optional query examples / few-shot context

6Selection constraints

01
QualityCorrect database result for real questions
02
CostMust fit the monthly operating budget
03
LatencyFast enough for the live user experience

7Use benchmarks correctly

Text-to-SQL leaderboards may be stale, unclear, or score fine-tuned systems rather than the base models you can use.

Practical proxy: coding performance can help create a shortlist—but is not the final proof.

8Cost inputs

input tokensoutput tokensinput $ / 1Moutput $ / 1Mrequests / daydays / month

Case-study estimate: ~400 input tokens + ~100 output tokens per request, ~5,000 requests/day.

9Monthly cost formula

Per query = (input tokens × input rate) + (output tokens × output rate)
Monthly = per-query cost × daily requests × 30
First filter: discard candidate models that do not fit the budget.

10Traffic reality

Traffic is often spiky. Major matches generate far more questions than ordinary days.

Planning rule: average volume is useful for cost; peak volume matters for reliability and latency.

11Golden dataset

Golden row: a realistic user question + analyst-approved correct SQL + an order-matters flag when needed.

Start small—e.g. 50 high-quality items—but cover the real question types users ask.

12Golden coverage

  • Player statistics and comparisons
  • Teams, tournaments, and seasons
  • Match history and filters
  • Aggregations: count, sum, average, max
  • Ordering, top-N, and time constraints

13Wrong scoring method

Never use SQL string matching. Different SQL statements can be textually different but return the same correct data.

14Correct scoring method

Run golden SQL+Run generated SQL→Compare result sets
Correct: both queries return equivalent result tables.

15Execution accuracy

Execution accuracy = correct result sets ÷ total evaluation questions

Run the exact same dataset, prompt, schema, and scoring protocol for every model.

16Result-set equality

  • Same number of rows
  • Normalize equivalent values: 2 = 2.0
  • Handle harmless decimal precision differences
  • Sort before comparison when order is irrelevant
  • Preserve order when it is required

17When order matters

If a task requires ranking or an ORDER BY result, do not sort before comparison. The model must return correct values in the correct order.

18Evaluation loop

Load model→Generate SQL→Run both queries→Compare tables→Score

19What to report

MetricDecision use
Execution accuracyTask correctness
Monthly costBudget fit
Latency (p95)User experience under load
Failure casesDiagnose improvements

20Common mistakes

  • Choosing solely by leaderboard rank
  • Using an unrepresentative evaluation dataset
  • Comparing SQL strings instead of results
  • Ignoring latency or budget
  • Measuring only an average—not individual failures

21Iterate continuously

Add meaningful production failures to the golden dataset. Re-run the suite when changing the model, prompt, schema, or evaluation logic.

Regression testing: verify that a new version is genuinely better than the old one.

22Mental model

Don't ask: “Which model has the best benchmark score?” Ask: “Which gives the best correctness / cost / latency trade-off for my real workload?”

Rule: use public data to shortlist; use your eval to decide.